Women and conflict
The international community’s evolving recognition that conflict affects men and women differently is an essential first step in developing gendered responses to conflict, empowering women in the prevention and ending of conflicts, and the rebuilding of communities after conflict. RtoP is an important complement to existing commitments to protect women’s human rights and security, as demonstrated Secretary General’s January 2009 report, Implementing the Responsibility to Protect that refers to these commitments as well as the role of women under each of the three pillars.
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Protection of Civilians: Security Council Open Debates reference RtoP
On 28 April 2006, the Security Council unanimously adopted Resolution 1674 on the Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict. Resolution 1674 contains the historic first official Security Council reference to the Responsibility to Protect. On 11 November 2009, during its eighth debate on the POC, the Security Council adopted Resolution 1894, where Member States expressed a continued commitment to RtoP. Since 28 June 2006, the Council has held open debates on the protection of civilians in armed conflict twice yearly. The purpose of these semi-annual debates is to take stock of developments in the area of protection of civilians, particularly situation-specific information and assess progress in the implementation of commitments made in Res. 1674. Discussions on RtoP have been an important component of these debates, and governments have used the debates to express their support for RtoP.
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RtoP and the role of the Peacebuilding Commission
The Peacebuilding Commission (PBC), created in 2005, is an important tool in the wide range of measures available in the Responsibility to Protect framework, not only in post-conflict reconciliation and rebuilding efforts, but also as a tool of prevention. Click here to find out more about the parallel developments of RtoP and PBC, and how the PBC can address the protection of populations from mass atrocities.
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The International Criminal Court (ICC) and the Responsibility to Protect (RtoP)
The ICC and the RtoP norm enjoy a complementary relationship; they work together towards the prevention of crimes against humanity, war crimes and genocide. Read more about the relationship between the Responsibility to Protect and the International Criminal Court with respect to concept of complementarity and the prevention and deterence of genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity.
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